Firearm



1. D. PEDERSEN.

FIREARM.

VAPPLlcAloN FILED JUNE 7, 19H.

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1. D. PEDERSEN.

FIRE/mm. PPLICATION FILED JUNE 7, I9I.

.rome D. immensen, or Jackson, WYOMING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

FIREARM.

Patented oet. 12, 1920.

ppucauaanlea :une 7, 1917. serial No. 173,325.

To' all whomt may vconcern Be it known that I, JoHN D. PEDEnsEN, a citizen of the United States, residin in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and tate of Wyoming, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which 'the following is a` specification.-

This invention relates to breec'hloading -irearms, and more especially to such fire,-

arms of the auto-loading class.-

A A principal object of my present improvements is to provide breechloading firearms in which the bolt-mechanism and the operating devices incidental thereto, shall be arranged and assembled as an auxiliary mechanism that is separate from the main stock and barrel, so that each said mechanism may constitute one of a series of similar auxiliary arms adaptedto be readily and quickly ex- 20 changed one fr another.

A further object is to furnish an improved breechloadin bolt-gun of the class ind-icated, in which the exchangeable auxiliary arm not only may be operated as an autoloading firearm, but also may be made in a series of sizes, (especially as to length and range of projectile),so that with a single stock and bauch-designated as the primary arm,- of a given size, several sizes of the auxiliary arm may be used one at a time. Thus, a soldier or hunter may Ibe provided with a single primary arm, and with two auxiliary arms, adapted respectively. for using ammunition suitable for different ranges.

Since the relatively heavy stock and barrel,-when of usual military construction and properly combined,constitute a simple and substantial primary arm which has a minimum liability to injury, and since Ithe light weight and auto loading auxiliary mechanism with its small and highly organized details is much more liable to accident from both external and internal causes, therefore, by means of my present improvements, it becomes practicable to provide a soldier (without overburdening him) with two, orA even three, of the auxiliary mechanisms for use in connection with one primary arm, so that in the event that one of said mechanisms becomes disabled another may be instantly substituted therefor and thereby maintain in service a completely operable firearm having a full-sized stock and the long barrel nowdeemed to be necessary for military riiies. Furthermore,

each o f the auxiliary mechanisms, or arms, 1s available for use as a pistol, and independently of the primary arm, especially or short-range work.

en two of the auxiliary arms of different sizes are t0 be used one ata time on the same primary arm, the required dierence 1n the size of the auxiliary arms may be obtained .slmply by making one of them longer than the other, and then arranging the bolt thereof to have a suitablylengthened stroke. Thus the two auxiliary arms may use cartridges which are of the same diameter, but of different lengths, respectively; 1n each case, however, the projectlles should be of a diameter suitable for the barrel of-the particu-lar primary arm which 1s to be employed. Similarly, projectiles of one length and diameter may be used 1n cartridge shells of different lengths, and having, respectively, different qua-ntities of powder, thereby providing for the widely varying requirements of short-range and long-range shooting. Also, as already well-known, a difference of powder charge may be provided for by making the powder-case portion of the cartridge shell of a proportionate diameter; this may require, however, in some instances, that two of the auxiliary arms shall have their respective mechanisms fitted with breech-bolts of different diameters. In this connection, it should be noted that-in this system of orgamzmg' the complete firearm, a series of the auxiliary arms which are of different sizes, lengths and proportions, and which,

thus use cartridges of various sizes and power, may all be used exchangeably, or one at a time, on one primary arm as a basemember therefor; and, also, may be so used successively on primary arms having respectively difi'erent lengths and weights of stocks and barrels. Thus, for instance, with two primary arms and three4 auxiliary arms,- each of a different size,-a complete firearm may be made up by selection and assemblage in six different ways.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of a firearm.of the shoulder arm class made in accordance with'my present invention; in this' view, for convenience of illustration, the rearward and forward' portions of the stock, S, also the forward ypart of the long main barrel, B, are omitted.

Fig. 2 shows alongitudinal vertical section thgough the mechanism illustrated in Fig. '1. including the entire length of the removable, orauxiliary firearm mechanism; in this view the bolt-mechanism and the several operative detailsappurtenant thereto, are shown in the firing position thereof.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the auxiliary mechanism (this being shown removed from the primary arm) and corresponds with that portion of Fig. l, with the exception that the bolt is shown fully re tracted and that the trigger-and-sear devices are disconnected as normally occurs immediately after the arm is fired.

Fig. 3a is a view similar to a portion of Fig. 3, for showing a further stagelin the cycle of action of the trigger and Sear devices.

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the frame of the auxiliary mechanism as seen from the right-hand in Fig. 3.

Fig. 4a is a' fragmentary sectional view in line X4, Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 is a cross section in line X5 of Fig. l; and,

Fig. 6 is across section inline X6 of Fig. 1.

parts in all the views.

For the purposes of this application the primary arm may be said to consist of a main barrel, as B, a stock, as S, and some suitable means for so connecting these -members that they may serve as one element of a firearm which will be completed by installing on the connected stock and barrel, an auxiliary arm comprising a complete mechanism for placing and firing the cartridges, and for extracting and ejecting the shells. Accordingly, it will be convenient in practice to provide the usual wooden stock of the primary arm with an adjunctive member, in the nature of a reinforcement, such for instance, as C, which',-as shown in the drawing,may have the general form of an extended bed piece, or base-plate, while serving in part as a means for connecting the barrel B and stock S. Thus the mem-A ber C- may .constitute Wholly orA in part a mechanism-seat which is located onor above the stock and rearward of the barrel, and is adapted; for receiving thereon the frame, as F, of a firearm mechanism that is provided with a short barrel, as 6b, forming a rearward extension of said main barrel. In the present instance, the secondary frame, F, is shown having assembled therein the reciprocatable bolt, Gr, and the other operative details of a firearm which for the purposes of this description is designated as an auxiliary firearm, or firearm mechanism; this auxiliary firearm is preferably,-as herein illustrated,in and by itself, a completely operable auto-loading firearm.

In practice, the primary arm should be Similar reference characters designate like barrel may be adjusted longitudinally on the stock and relative to the auxiliary arm. The barrel may be clamped in place by a setscrew, as b, an ordinary soft-metal shoe, as 67, being preferably provided for directly bearing against the barrel. The seat-plate C may be held -in place by ordinary screws or fastenings, as for instance, the screws c6 and c".

The primary arm in addition to having the main barrel, also constitutes a primary frame (as well as a heavy base-member) for the complete firearm, (Fig. l); similarly, the frame F constitutes a complete framework for the secondary arm. At the forward end thereof the frame F is provided with a short barrel, 6b, which is preferably formed integral with the frame, (Figs. 2, 3) This short barrel has formed therein the cartridge chamber 6d, and at its forward end is preferably shaped to engage (by some suitable interlocking arrangement) with the main barrel B. For this purpose, barrel 6b may have a tenon-like forward end, as 6. which is preferably slightly conical as shown, and which is fitted to enter and fit closely in a socket-like space formed in the rearward end of barrel B,-as clearly i'ndicated in Fig. 2,--whereby the two barrels, B and 6b, are united at a point forward of said cartridge chamber, intoone continuous gun-barrel. Said barrels are shown in the drawings as if made Without rif-ling, but it is obvious that in practice, they may be provided with such rifling as may be deemed suitable for the projectiles to be used there* in; in some instances, the bore, 6, of the auxiliary barrel 6b may be a smooth bore (Fig. 3), while the rifiing (not shown). is formedv only in the main barrel B.

In the drawings, the frame F is shown made in a preferred form thereof, comprising the ,bolt-casing F2 and,-depending therefrom,-a casing, as F', within which the trigger-Sear devices (or fire-control mechanism) 'are assembled. The frame is shown having formed therein a mortise, 10, suitably shaped and proportioned for receiving said trigger-Sear casing F. This mortise should be made long enough for permitting the frame F to be retracted on the primary arm to disengage the tenon 6 from the barrel B; this movement (not shown) will permit said frame F to be removed by lifting it directly upward, thereby withdrawing said casing F out of the mortise. These operations are performed, of course, in a reverse manner., `-when applying the auxiliary arm to the primaryarm. For protecting the trigger, 4, said casing F may be extended downwardly and vshaped into a trigger-guard, as GY, located below the stock, S. v

0n account of the considerable length of the frame F, the rearward end thereof (at the left-hand in Fig. 3)., may in practice be lifted a slight distance (not shown) prior to said retraction thereof, so that a 'stop face, or abutment, as la, may be' formed on the frame for enga 'ng forward of an abutment-face, as` o8, o the aforesaid seat-plate C, (Fig. 2), for thereby resisting a rearward movement of the frame F' on the stock by means of a direct engagement of these members. However, it should be understood that said abutment face, le, of the frame F may, if desired, be omitted in some instances.

For releasably holding the auxiliary arm in place on the primaryarm, any suitable and well-known kind of disconnectible holding device may be employed, but l prefer for such purpose, a transversely-disposed bolt or locking-pin, as f6, (Fig. 5;), provided with suitable means,-as lever arm f7,- whereby this pin may be removed and replaced by hand, Whenever occasion may require. Said pin f6 -is shown extending ythrough the side walls. 3h, 3h', of said casing F', and through the solidly-formed portion 3g of the frame F, thereby forming a strong and firm connection between the members F and C. A thread onl the pin 6 engages in the threaded hole at 31, Fig. 5, in said casing wall 3h', whereby to reliably hold the pin in place. When thus fitted, said in-arm f7 constitutes la crank arm where y said pin may be screwed into and out' of place,- -all in an evident manner.

ln the frame, F, the cartridge chamber 6d is extended rearwardly and enlarged to form the breech-bolt chamber, Gf, in which the bolt G is reciprocatable, forwardly by the power-spring 7, and rearwardly,when a cartridge isired,-`by cartridge actuation. The Lbolt G is made hollow for carrying therein the firing-pin f, provided with a short arm 'or connection extending through the frame-slot 6g, and there provided with the weight or momentumblock, 7b, which also serves as a handle whereby to retract said bolt by hand to' the loading position, Fig. 3. When thus retracted,by hand or otherwise,the forlward end 7t of the bolt comes rearwardly of the opening 6h in the frame F, so that a cartridge, as c3 (Fig. 6) will drop downward in the magazine N, and stand partially forward of the bolt G, so that onthe for- A.at f5, on the bolt and is also shownmay be closed by^a cap,

as H, removably-fixed to the frame F by a screw-thread, as 6l, or in other convenient manner. The cap H, supports the abutment-rod 8, and also serves as a stop for limiting the rearward movement (Fig. 3) of the bolt G. Similarly the forward end, 8g, of said rod 8 serves to stop the retraction of the firing-pin f before the bolt Gr is fully retracted, so that the point, f3, of this pin will operate as an ejector, as clearly indicated in Fig. 4a. For retracting the shell, as c, from the barrel 6b, the bolt G may be provided with an ordinary extractor as it, operating in a well-known manner.

7, acts against a face, and thus operates on the full retraction of the bolt to immediately drive 'the bolt forward and so load the The power-springt arm. During this loading stroke of the bolt,y of the firing.

f a shoulder, as 8s on said abutment-rod 8.A

To provide in a convenient manner for the ldesired coaction of the pin f directly with the sear d, a slot, g2, is formed in the tubular portion of the bolt G, and the searengaging face fkis formed on the forward side of the projection if of the firing pin; thus the Sear d can be so arranged as to project upwardly into the slot g2 and there engage with said projection f when the bolt is in or near itsforward position,see

Fig. 2.' Thus the sear d, in connection with devices for operating the same, constitutes portions of a complete lire-control means.

which, in the present instance is contained within a casing, F1', extending downwardly through the mortise, 10, of the stock, so that the fire-control means is manually accessible and operable from below the stock.

For so controlling the operation of the sear-memberd that the firearm' will operate as an-auto-loading arm, butnot as an automatic arm, I have provided a sear-retracting trigger device having a disconnecting means, and in Figs. 2, 3 and 3a, I have illustrated a preferred form and arrangement thereof. One feature of this improved arrangement of the fire-control `means relates to the searf member, as `ol,`vfvhereby this is made nonretractable by the trigger yexce ting when both the firing pin and the botI G are 1n proper position therefor. aFor this purpose, said Sear-member is herein shown supported to have a reciprocatory movement in a direction longitudinally of the bolt movement. The scar-'member being plvoted on the pin 3, which passes through the slot d', therefore the Sear-actuating spring 3b o erates to swing the sear upwardly toward its pof sition in Fig- 2, and also. to force the Sear rearwardly, as in Fig. 3. Said sear sprlng 3", however, is normally overcome by the stronger' firing spring 7 e, so that when the mechanism is 1n firing position, (Figs. 2 and 3a),'the Sear-member d will be carried forward, and so bring the hook the trigger-engaging position shown in Figs. 2 and 3a. Thus sald member d, when arranged as here described, may be said to constitute a two-motion sear device, the two movements thereof being, respectively, in transverse directions. For coacting in a preferable manner with the Sear al when this is arranged as aforesaid, the trigger, 4, -is'pivotalIly supported,- as'by pin 4,-in the casing of the frame F, and is provided with a by-pass device arranged to engage with said Sear-member only when this 7is in its forward position, see Fig. 3a. The luy-pass device may consist in a small lever, as 4f, pivoted at 4g to the trigger-arm4, and provided at one end with the scar-engaging hook '43, and at the other end, 4k, engaglng with a movement-limiting face or stop, as 6X, appurtenant to the frame F. Aspring s, may be arranged for operating theftrigger, and another spring, s", for normally holding said lever-end 4k against the stop 6X. O n releasing the trigger 4 from its retracted position2 (Fig. 3),-after the Sear is in its said firlng posit1on,-the byass hook 4 rides over the Sear-hook 4e as 1llustrated in Fig. 3, scar-engaging position shown in Fig. 2. If, now, the trigger4 be drawnI back as in Fig. 3, the said hook 4j draws' down 4the sear d and thereby releases the firing-pin f, whereupon the sear is forced back by its spring 3b to the non-engaging position thereof (Fig. 3) relative to'the by-pass hook 4J of time made inoperative, as a result of the peculiar mode of action'of the two-motion sear, and this result occurs each time the arm is fired, and however rapidly thering takes place.

The improved fire-control mechanism herein illustrated and describedr-since it comprises a two-motion Sear-member combined with a trigger device having a by-pass means,-is regarded as being peculiarly adapted for use 1n connection with my pres- 4" thereof into and thus comes to the the trigger. Thus the trigger device is for a ent invention, but other suitable arrangements (not herein shown) of the fire-control means may, if desired, be employed in some instances. The particular construction and arrangement, however, of fire-control means which I have herein set forth, is regarded as being a separate subject-matter which is in the nature of a machine-element, or mechanical movement, and which, therefore, is intended to constitute in part the subject-matter of a separate ap lication to be concurrently pending herewitii.

Having thus described m'y invention, l claim: j

1. A firearm comprisin as one element thereof, aprimary arm w ichconsists of a connected stock and main barrel and which has a mechanism-seat on the stock. and rearward of said main barrel, and comprising, in vcombination and as a second element thereof, a firearm'l mechanism removably fixed on said, mechanism-seat and provided with a barrel formin a rearward extension of said main barre and with cartridge placing and firing devices.

2. A firearm comprising, as one element thereof, a primary arm which consistsy of a connected stock and m'ain barrel and which has a mechanism-seat on the stock and rearward of said barrel, and comprising, in combination and as a second element thereof, an auxiliary firearm removably fixed on said mechanism-'seat and comprising a frame provided at the forward end thereof with a barrel forming a rearward extension of said main barrel, and also provided with cartridge placing and firing devices inclosed within the frame, and with a fire-control means.

8. A firearm comprising, as onev element thereof, a primary arm which consists of a connected stock and a long main barrel and which has a mechanism-seat on the stock and rearward of said main barrel, and comprising, in combination and as a second element thereof, an auxiliary firearm removably xed on said mechanism-seat and comprising a frame provided at the forward 'end thereof w'ith a short barrel having'a tenon and socket connection with said main barrel, whereby said short barrel forms a rearward continuation of the main barrel,

` and means appurtenant to the firearm for adjusting the longitudinal position of the main barrel and the auxiliary. firearm one vrelative to the other.

fixed on said stock rearward of .the mainbarrel, and which is provided with cartridge v placing and firing mechanism cooperative with the main barrel.

5. In a firearm comprising a primary arm which consists of a shoulder-arm having a` stock and a main barrel, the combination with said shoulder-arm of an auxiliary firearm comprising a frame which is removably fixed on said stock rearward of and in cooperative relation with the main barrel5 and which is provided with cartridge-firing and shell-extracting. means, and with firecontrol means manually operable from be-4 relation with the main barrel.

7. In a firearm comprising a primary arm Vwhich consists of a shoulder-arm havinkgr a stock and main barrel, and having a mortise downwardly through the stock, the combination with said Shoulder-arm of an auxiliary firearm mechanism coni'prising a frame which is removably fixed on said stock rearward of the main barrel, and which is provided with cartridge-firing and shell-extracting means7 said frame also having a easing extending downwardly through the mortise of the stock, and having in the casin?` a -fire-control means manually operable rom below the stock.

8. In a firearm comprising, as one element thereof, a primary arm which is without operable members thereinand consists of a connected stock and main barrel, and which has a mechanism-seat on the stock and rearward of said barrel, the combination with said primary arm of an auxiliary magazine firearm removably fixed on said mechanismseat and provided with a barrel forming a rearward extension of said main barrel.

9. In a firearm comprising, as one element thereof, a primary arm which is without operable members therein and consists of a connectedy stock and main barrel, and which has a mechanism-seat on the stock and rearward of said barrel, the combination with the primary arm of an auxiliary firearm comprising a frame removably fixed .on said mechanism-seat and provided with a. barrel forming a rearward extension of said main barrel, said frame also having a casing for a trigger-staar mechanism in which the triggerv device thereof extends to a position below said primary arm.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN.`

`Witnesses:

L. E. WETMORE, E. C. GriLBER'r.` 

